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01Andean regions1 deity＋
02Aotearoa New Zealand12 deities＋
Tāwhirimātea
A culturally specific sacred figure associated with winds and weather.
Ranginui
The sky parent whose separation from Papatūānuku creates the world of light in widely known Māori narratives.
Papatūānuku
The earth parent within Māori whakapapa, continuing to sustain descendants after separation from Ranginui.
Tangaroa
An atua associated with the ocean and its life, known through genealogical and regional relationships.
Tāwhirimātea
An atua of winds and weather who opposes the separation of Ranginui and Papatūānuku in a widely shared narrative.
Tūmatauenga
An atua associated with people, conflict, determination, and capacities needed to survive and act.
Rongo-mā-Tāne
An atua associated with cultivated foods, especially kūmara, and with peaceful social order in many traditions.
Haumia-tiketike
An atua associated with wild or uncultivated food resources, including aruhe in many accounts.
Hine Raukatauri
A female ancestral or spiritual figure associated with the case-moth and the pūtōrino flute in taonga pūoro traditions.
Hiwa-i-te-Rangi
A star in the Matariki cluster associated in widely shared teaching with aspirations and hopes for the coming year.
Whiro
A figure associated in some Māori traditions with darkness, harm, or opposition within complex genealogical narratives.
Tāne Mahuta
An atua associated with forests, birds and the world of light in Māori traditions.
03Brazil10 deities＋
Oxalá
An orixá associated in many Brazilian traditions with creation, white cloth and patient authority.
Iemanjá
A widely honoured orixá of waters and maternal protection with especially visible devotion in Brazil.
Oxum
An orixá connected with rivers, beauty, fertility, diplomacy and abundance.
Xangô
An orixá of thunder, justice and kingship whose double axe is a powerful emblem.
Ogum
An orixá of iron, technology, labour and the opening of roads.
Iansã
An orixá of wind, lightning, movement and relationships with the dead.
Oxóssi
An orixá of forests, successful seeking, nourishment and specialised knowledge.
Nanã
An elder orixá associated with primordial waters, earth-mud, age and ancestral continuity.
Obaluayê
An orixá approached with profound respect in traditions concerning illness, healing and the earth.
Exu
An orixá of communication, exchange, thresholds and the dynamic movement that enables ritual relations.
04China11 deities＋
Nezha
A culturally specific sacred figure associated with protection and youthful power.
Yù Huáng
The Jade Emperor is a major heavenly ruler in Chinese popular religion and Daoist-influenced cosmologies.
Cháng'é
A lunar figure central to stories of immortality, longing, and the Mid-Autumn cultural world.
Cáishén
Cáishén names wealth deities honoured in several forms, especially around Lunar New Year observances.
Wénchāng Wáng
A revered deity associated with study, writing, official examinations, and cultivated success.
Nüwa
A Chinese culture hero and deity associated with forming humans, repairing the sky, and restoring order after catastrophe.
Fuxi
A foundational Chinese culture hero linked with social institutions, patterned knowledge, and the trigrams.
Zao Jun
The Kitchen God watches over household life and is honoured around the turn of the lunar year.
Miaoshan Guanyin
A major Chinese narrative form of Guanyin expressed through the story of Princess Miaoshan.
Xiwangmu
The Queen Mother of the West, a major divine figure whose image changed across early texts, imperial art, Daoist traditions, and popular religion.
Guandi
The deified Guan Yu, honoured across communities for loyalty, integrity and protective power.
05China & Taiwan1 deity＋
06Egypt11 deities＋
Sobek
A culturally specific sacred figure associated with Nile power and protection.
Hathor
A major Egyptian deity associated with music, celebration, care, the sky, and welcome beyond death.
Osiris
An Egyptian deity of renewed life, rightful rule, and the ordered realm of the dead.
Sekhmet
A lioness-headed Egyptian deity whose fierce protective force is also connected with healing specialists.
Ma'at
The Egyptian personification and deity of truth, right relationship, balance, and the order sustaining society and cosmos.
Neith
An ancient goddess strongly associated with Sais, creation, weaving, hunting, and royal protection.
Khonsu
A lunar deity whose name is linked with travelling and whose major cult centre stood at Thebes.
Isis
A major Egyptian deity whose devotion spread across the Mediterranean world.
Thoth
A deity of writing, measured order, knowledge and lunar cycles.
Ra
A central Egyptian solar deity whose daily journey expressed renewal and ordered life.
Anubis
An Egyptian deity who protected burial, embalming and the passage of the dead.
07Finland11 deities＋
Akka
A title and figure associated in several Finnic contexts with female power, earth, and generative life.
Tapio
A forest ruler approached in songs and charms connected with hunting and respectful entry into wooded domains.
Mielikki
A forest mistress in Finnish tradition, often associated with animals, favour, and the ordered household of the woods.
Ahti
A name associated with water power and fishing prosperity, while literary sources also use Ahti for a heroic figure.
Vellamo
A female water figure connected with seas, lakes, and the hoped-for generosity of fishing waters.
Ilmarinen
A master smith and epic figure whose extraordinary making includes the Sampo in Kalevala tradition.
Väinämöinen
An old singer and culture hero whose words, music, and contests shape the epic world.
Louhi
The powerful mistress of Pohjola sets tasks, commands transformations, and protects her community's interests.
Lempo
A difficult and changing name linked in sources with strong desire, harm, or a demonized power.
Kuutar
A moon maiden or female lunar being associated in poetry with weaving and shining ornaments.
Ukko
A Finnish sky and thunder deity invoked in relation to weather and agricultural fertility.
08Ghana1 deity＋
09Greece11 deities＋
Eos
A culturally specific sacred figure associated with dawn and renewal.
Aphrodite
A Greek deity of desire, attraction, generative power, and in some cities protection connected with the sea.
Hermes
A Greek deity of roads, exchange, clever speech, boundary markers, and guidance between worlds.
Hephaestus
A Greek deity of skilled making, forge fire, invention, and the difficult labour behind powerful objects.
Hecate
A complex goddess associated with thresholds, night, crossroads, protection, and later magical traditions.
Asclepius
A healing deity honoured at sanctuaries where ritual, rest, community, and ancient medical practice met.
Athena
The patron of ancient Athens, associated with practical intelligence, weaving and strategy.
Demeter
A deity of cultivated earth and grain whose mysteries shaped ancient religious life.
Apollo
An ancient Greek deity of prophecy, music, healing and disciplined order.
Artemis
A Greek deity of wild landscapes, the hunt and protection at dangerous transitions.
Poseidon
A formidable Greek deity of the sea, earthquakes and horses.
10Hawaiʻi1 deity＋
12India11 deities＋
Varuṇa
A culturally specific sacred figure associated with cosmic order and waters.
Ganesha
A widely revered Hindu deity invoked at beginnings and recognised by an elephant head.
Saraswati
A deity of knowledge, speech, music and the disciplined pursuit of learning.
Shiva
A major Hindu deity whose forms hold stillness, transformation, family life and cosmic power together.
Lakshmi
A widely revered Hindu deity of prosperity, auspiciousness and flourishing.
Durga
A powerful Hindu goddess honoured as protector and as a supreme form of divine feminine energy.
Krishna
A central Hindu deity encountered as child, friend, teacher, beloved and supreme divinity.
Vishnu
A major Hindu deity associated with sustaining cosmic order and compassionate divine presence.
Hanuman
A revered devotee and heroic divine figure whose strength is inseparable from loyalty, discipline and service.
Brahma
A Hindu deity connected with creation and the ordering of the cosmos.
Kālī
A powerful goddess whose fierce imagery expresses time, transformation and protection beyond fear.
13Indonesia1 deity＋
16Ireland12 deities＋
Manannán mac Lir
A culturally specific sacred figure associated with sea and otherworld journeys.
The Dagda
A leading figure of the Tuatha Dé Danann associated with immense capability, hospitality, protection, and comic as well as formidable power.
Lugh Lámhfhada
A many-skilled champion and leader whose arrival transforms the struggle at Mag Tuired.
The Morrígan
A complex female divinity associated with conflict, fate, territorial power, and foreknowledge.
Nuada Airgetlám
A king of the Tuatha Dé Danann known for losing an arm and receiving a crafted silver replacement.
Manannán mac Lir
A sea-associated otherworld figure who guides journeys, provides magical objects, and crosses boundaries between worlds.
Óengus Óg
A youthful otherworld figure associated with love, transformation, dreams, and Brú na Bóinne.
Boann
A female figure whose name and narratives are inseparable from the River Boyne and the sacred landscape around Brú na Bóinne.
Danu
A proposed ancestral figure inferred largely from the name Tuatha Dé Danann, whose independent medieval profile is very limited.
Goibniu
A divine smith whose precise craft equips the Tuatha Dé Danann and whose name connects with wider Celtic smith traditions.
Ogma
A champion and eloquent figure associated in later tradition with ogam writing and the power of disciplined language.
Brigid
An Irish deity associated in medieval sources with inspired speech, healing and skilled craft.
17Italy12 deities＋
Vesta
A culturally specific sacred figure associated with hearth and household continuity.
Juno
A major Roman goddess whose many titles connect women’s lives, state protection, and sovereign authority.
Minerva
A Roman goddess of skilled work, learning, strategy, and the disciplined arts.
Mars
A central Roman deity of martial protection whose early and enduring roles also touched land and civic continuity.
Venus
A Roman goddess of attraction, flourishing, and lineage whose political importance grew through Venus Genetrix.
Mercury
A Roman deity of commerce, movement, messages, and negotiated crossings.
Diana
A Roman goddess of woodland, the hunt, and protective roles in women’s lives.
Vesta
The goddess of the hearth whose flame stood at the ritual centre of Roman public life.
Ceres
A Roman goddess of cultivated grain, nourishment, and social order.
Neptune
A Roman god of waters whose later sea imagery reflects strong identification with Greek Poseidon.
Fortuna
A many-sided Roman goddess of changing fortune, chance, and the wellbeing of people and communities.
Janus
A distinctively Roman deity of gates, beginnings and movement between states.
18Japan11 deities＋
Benzaiten
A culturally specific sacred figure associated with music and eloquence.
Ame-no-Uzume-no-Mikoto
A kami of performance and joyful revelation whose dance helps bring sunlight back to the world.
Takemikazuchi-no-Kami
A powerful kami associated with thunder, martial authority, and the transfer of the land in classical narratives.
Tenjin
A kami of learning associated with the deified scholar and statesman Sugawara no Michizane.
Konohanasakuya-hime
A kami associated with flowers, Mount Fuji, and the brilliant but brief flourishing of life.
Ōkuninushi
A major kami of Izumo narratives connected with land, community bonds, trials, and restoration.
Hachiman
A major protective kami historically connected with warriors, communities, and the deified Emperor Ōjin.
Benzaiten
A Japanese form of the goddess Sarasvatī associated with music, speech, knowledge, and flowing water.
Amaterasu Ōmikami
The sun kami central to major Shinto narratives and the tradition of Ise Jingū.
Inari Ōkami
A widely honoured kami associated with rice, livelihood and flourishing communities.
Susanoo-no-Mikoto
A storm-associated kami whose narratives move between disruption, exile and protection.
19Korea11 deities＋
Seongju
A guardian associated with the main structure and wellbeing of a home.
Jowangsin
A hearth deity linked with cooking fire and nourishment.
Teojusin
A guardian connected with the ground on which a household stands.
Samsin Halmoni
A grandmotherly sacred figure associated with birth and young children.
Eopsin
A household deity associated with stores, property, and accumulated fortune.
Munsin
A guardian associated with the door through which guests and risk enter.
Cheuksin
A formidable figure associated with the traditional outhouse and careful conduct.
Yongwang
Dragon King traditions connect rivers, wells, rain, and sea with guardianship.
Seonangsin
A guardian associated with village entrances, passes, and roadside shrines.
Byeolsangsin
A ritual figure historically associated with smallpox, fear, and hoped-for departure.
Sanshin
Korean mountain spirits connected with place, protection and the vitality of landscapes.
20Lithuania1 deity＋
21Mexico11 deities＋
Tláloc
A major Mexica rain deity whose gifts sustain crops and whose storms can also bring danger.
Huitzilopochtli
The solar and martial patron of the Mexica, central to the sacred geography of the Templo Mayor.
Coatlicue
A powerful earth and mother figure whose monumental imagery joins fertility, mortality, and sacred danger.
Coyolxauhqui
A central figure in the Coatepec story, represented in a monumental carved disk at the Templo Mayor.
Xipe Tótec
A deity associated with regeneration, agricultural cycles, and ritual transformation.
Mictlantecuhtli
A lord of Mictlan associated with death and the structured journey of the dead.
Xōchiquetzal
A youthful deity connected with flowers, weaving, skilled arts, fertility, and erotic life.
Mayahuel
A deity of the maguey plant and the many forms of sustenance, fibre, and drink it provides.
Xiuhtecuhtli-Huehuetéotl
A fire deity joining the household hearth, sacred centre, age, rulership, and cycles of renewal.
Tezcatlipoca
A major Mexica deity of power, uncertainty, night, rulership, and the testing of human claims.
Quetzalcoatl
The Feathered Serpent known through multiple Mesoamerican cultures and historical periods.
22Mexico & Guatemala1 deity＋
23Nepal11 deities＋
Taleju Bhawani
A powerful tutelary goddess historically linked with the Malla kings and the sacred life of Kathmandu Valley cities.
Rato Machhindranath
A rain-associated deity honoured through one of Nepal's most important chariot festivals.
Seto Machhindranath
A white-form Machhindranath deity carried through Kathmandu in an annual chariot procession.
Akash Bhairav
A prominent Bhairava form associated with Kathmandu's Indra Chowk and protective power.
Swet Bhairav
A large white Bhairava image revealed publicly during Indra Jatra.
Vajrayoginī
A major tantric Buddhist deity connected with powerful practice lineages and valley pilgrimage sites.
Mañjuśrī
The bodhisattva of wisdom, central to a famous Buddhist account of the Kathmandu Valley's formation.
Hāritī Ajimā
A protective mother figure honoured near major Buddhist sacred sites in Nepal.
Kumari
A living goddess tradition in which a selected girl embodies Kumari for a defined period.
Ganesh of the Four Vinayaks
Ganesh is honoured across Nepal, including a protective geography formed by major Vinayak shrines.
Pashupatinath
A highly revered form of Shiva centred on the Pashupatinath temple beside the Bagmati River.
24Nigeria11 deities＋
Ògún
A culturally specific sacred figure associated with iron and work and roads.
Ọbàtálá
A senior Òrìṣà associated with shaping human bodies, white cloth, coolness, and disciplined character.
Ògún
An Òrìṣà of iron, skilled work, paths, warfare, and the risks and responsibilities of technology.
Èṣù
A powerful Òrìṣà of communication, consequence, interpretation, and movement between human and divine worlds.
Yemọja
An Òrìṣà associated in Yorùbá traditions with waters, maternal power, protection, and collective life.
Olókun
A major water Òrìṣà associated with oceanic depth, abundance, hidden knowledge, and formidable power.
Ọ̀sanyìn
An Òrìṣà associated with the knowledge and power of leaves used within disciplined healing traditions.
Ọya
An orisha associated with powerful winds, change, markets, and relationships with ancestors and the Niger River.
Ọ̀rúnmìlà
An orisha of wisdom closely associated with Ifá, ethical counsel, memory, and understanding the paths of destiny.
Ṣàngó
A major Òrìṣà associated with thunder, authority, justice and dynamic power.
Ọ̀ṣun
An Òrìṣà of fresh water, beauty, social intelligence and generative power.
25Peru11 deities＋
Wiraqocha (Viracocha)
A major creator figure whose names and narratives were recorded through colonial-era sources.
Mama Quilla
A lunar sacred figure linked with calendrical observation and imperial family relationships.
Illapa
A powerful weather figure associated with storms essential to Andean agriculture.
Supay
A term and figure associated with the dead and below-ground powers, later heavily recast through Christian demon imagery.
Pariacaca
A powerful huaca connected with mountain, water, conquest, and regional pilgrimage.
Pachacamac
An influential sacred power and oracle associated with the major sanctuary south of present-day Lima.
Ai Apaec (modern attribution)
A widely used modern name for a fanged Moche figure whose exact identity and roles remain debated.
Kon
A creator or weather-associated figure reported in later accounts of Peru's coast.
Cavillaca
A huaca whose story of deception, pursuit, and transformation is preserved in the Huarochirí Manuscript.
Urpay Huachac
A female huaca associated in textual tradition with sea birds, fish, and the coastal world.
Inti
An Inca solar deity closely connected with imperial ancestry and agricultural time.
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